Decision Support System

How Correct and Defect Decision Support Systems Influence Trust, Compliance, and Performance in Supply Chain and Quality Management – A Behavioral Study Using Business Simulation Games

philipp — Sat, 22 Aug 2020 16:14:42 +0000

How Correct and Defect Decision Support Systems Influence Trust, Compliance, and Performance in Supply Chain and Quality Management – A Behavioral Study Using Business Simulation Games philipp Sat, 08/22/2020 - 18:14

Abstract

Supply Chains and production networks are complex sociotechnical cyber-physical systems whose performance is determined by system, interface, and human factors. While the influence of system factors (e.g., variances in de- livery times and amount, queuing strategies) is well understood, the influence of interface and human factors on supply chain performance is currently insuffi- ciently explored. In this article, we analyze how performance is determined by the correctness of Decision Support Systems and specifically, how correct and defect systems influence subjective and objective performance, subjective and objective compliance with the system, as well as trust in the system. We present a behavioral study with 50 participants and a business simulation game with a market driven supply chain. Results show that performance (-21%), compliance (-35%), and trust (-25%) is shaped by the correctness of the system. However, this effect is only substantial in later stages of the game and occluded at the be- ginning. Also, people’s subjective evaluations and the objective measures from the simulation are in congruence. The article concludes with open research questions regarding trust and compliance in Decision Support Systems as well as actionable knowledge on how Decision Support Systems can mitigate supply chain disruptions.

Brauner, P., Calero Valdez, A., Philipsen, R., Ziefle, M.: How Correct and Defect Decision Support Systems Influence Trust, Compliance, and Performance in Supply Chain and Quality Management – A Behavioral Study Using Business Simulation Games. In: Nah, F. and Tan, C. (eds.) HCI in Business, Government, and Organizations (HCIGO), HCI International 2017. pp. 333–348. Springer, Cham (2017).

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58484-3_26

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Integrative Production Technology for High-Wage countries

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The Role of Human Factors in Production Networks and Quality Management

philipp — Thu, 20 Aug 2020 13:36:31 +0000

The Role of Human Factors in Production Networks and Quality Management philipp Thu, 08/20/2020 - 15:36

Abstract

Quality management in production networks is often neglected. To raise awareness for this subject, we developed an educational game in which players are responsible for managing orders and investments in quality assurance of a manufacturing company. To understand individual performance differences and playing strategy, we conducted a web-based study with 127 participants. Individual performance differences were discovered. Players who closely observe the company data and frequently modify order levels and quality investments perform significantly better. Furthermore, we found that the game model works and that the awareness towards quality assurance increases through the interaction with the game. Hence, the game is a suitable educational tool for teaching decision making in quality management.

Philipsen R., Brauner P., Stiller S., Ziefle M., Schmitt R. (2014) The Role of Human Factors in Production Networks and Quality Management. In: Nah F.FH. (eds) HCI in Business. HCIB 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 8527. Springer, Cham.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07293-7_8

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Integrative Production Technology for High-Wage countries

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A Research Framework for Human Aspects in the Internet of Production – An Intra-company Perspective

philipp — Thu, 20 Aug 2020 13:19:34 +0000

A Research Framework for Human Aspects in the Internet of Production – An Intra-company Perspective philipp Thu, 08/20/2020 - 15:19

Abstract

Digitalization in the production sector aims at transferring concepts and methods from the Internet of Things (IoT) to the industry and is, as a result, currently reshaping the production area. Besides technological progress, changes in work processes and organization are relevant for a successful implementation of the “Internet of Production” (IoP). Focusing on the labor organization and organizational procedures emphasizes to consider intra-company factors such as (user) acceptance, ethical issues, and ergonomics in the context of IoP approaches. In the scope of this paper, a research approach is presented that considers these aspects from an intra-company perspective by conducting studies on the shop floor, control level and management level of companies in the production area. Focused on four central dimensions—governance, organization, capabilities, and interfaces—this contribution presents a research framework that is focused on a systematic integration and consideration of human aspects in the realization of the IoP.

Brauner, P., Brillowski, F., Dammers, H., Königs, P., Kordtomeikel, F., Petruck, H., Schaar, A.K., Schmitz, S., Steuer-Dankert, L., Mertens, A., Gries, T., Leicht-Scholten, C., Nagel, S., Nitsch, V., Schuh, G., Ziefle, M.: A Research Framework for Human Aspects in the Internet of Production – An Intra-company Perspective. Adv. Intell. Syst. Comput. 1216 AISC, 3–17 (2020).

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51981-0_1

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Internet of Production (IoP)

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Understanding and Supporting Decision Makers in Quality Management of Production Networks

philipp — Thu, 20 Aug 2020 11:05:59 +0000

Understanding and Supporting Decision Makers in Quality Management of Production Networks philipp Thu, 08/20/2020 - 13:05

Abstract

Quality management is an important aspect of viable manufacturing processes. In order to qualify decision makers to understand the fundamental principles of quality management in production networks, we developed a game-based simulation and learning environment that can furthermore be used to understand how human factors influence the quality of decisions in complex production networks. Previous studies have shown that underlying human factors must exist, that predict the players’ performance, but it is currently unexplored which factors contribute to high perfor-mance. To investigate these human factors in more depth and to further refine the quality management serious game, we conducted a series of studies. As expected, expertise had a great impact on performance. However, contrary to our expectations, cognitive skills had no influence. The refined decision dashboard with seamlessly integrated self-adapt-ing visualizations on key performance indicators had a significant positive impact on game performance. Most im-portantly, the studies suggest that the developed game is a valuable contribution to the vocational training of quality managers as the quality of their decisions is increased.

Philipsen, R., Brauner, P., Stiller, S., Ziefle, M., Schmitt, R.: Understanding and Supporting Decision Makers in Quality Management of Production Networks. In: Advances in the Ergonomics in Manufacturing. Managing the Enterprise of the Future 2014 : Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics, AHFE 2014. pp. 94–105. CRC Press, Boca Raton, United States (2014).

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Integrative Production Technology for High-Wage countries

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A Game-based Approach to Understand Human Factors in Supply Chains and Quality Management

philipp — Thu, 20 Aug 2020 09:58:17 +0000

A Game-based Approach to Understand Human Factors in Supply Chains and Quality Management philipp Thu, 08/20/2020 - 11:58

Abstract

Quality management is an important function for viable production networks. In order to qualify decision makers to understand the fundamental principles of quality management in production networks, a game-based simulation and learning environment is developed, which can furthermore be used to understand how human factors influence the quality of decisions in complex production networks. Previous studies have shown that underlying factors must exist, which predict the players’ performance. It is currently unexplored, which factors are contributing to high performance. To deeper investigate which human factors are critical for supply chain success and to further refine the quality management game a series of studies were examined. As expected, expertise had a great impact on performance, however contrary to the expectations cognitive skills had none. The refined decision dashboard, with seamlessly integrated self-adapting visualizations on key performance indicators, had a significant positive impact on game performance. The studies suggest that the developed game is a valuable contribution for the qualification of quality managers, as the quality of decision increased.

Stiller, S., Falk, B., Philipsen, R., Brauner, P., Schmitt, R., Ziefle, M.: A Game-based Approach to Understand Human Factors in Supply Chains and Quality Management. Procedia CIRP. 20, 67–73 (2014).

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2014.05.033

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Task-Specific Decision Support Systems in Multi-Level Production Systems based on the digital shadow

philipp — Thu, 20 Aug 2020 09:44:04 +0000

Task-Specific Decision Support Systems in Multi-Level Production Systems based on the digital shadow philipp Thu, 08/20/2020 - 11:44

Abstract

Due to the increasing spread of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) suitable for shop floors, the production environment can more easily be digitally connected to the various decision making levels of a production system. This connectivity as well as an increasing availability of high- resolution feedback data, can be used for decision support for all levels of the company and supply chain. To enable data driven decision support, different data sources were structured and linked. The data was combined in task-specific digital shadows, selecting clustering and aggregation rules to gain information. Visual interfaces for task-specific decision support systems (DSS) were developed and evaluated positively by domain experts. The complexity of decision making on different levels was successfully reduced as an effect of the processed amounts of data. These interfaces support decision making, but can additionally be improved if DSS are extended with smart agents as proposed in the Internet of Production.

Pause, D., Brauner, P., Faber, M., Fischer, M., Hunnekes, P., Petruck, H., Mertens, A., Nitsch, V., Schuh, G., Stich, V., Ziefle, M.: Task-specific Decision Support Systems in Multi-level Production Systems based on the Digital Shadow. In: IEEE International Conference on Industrial Cyber Physical Systems, ICPS 2019. pp. 603–608. IEEE (2019).

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1109/ICPHYS.2019.8780186

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Integrative Production Technology for High-Wage countries

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Defective Still Deflective – How Correctness of Decision Support Systems Influences User’s Performance in Production Environments

philipp — Wed, 19 Aug 2020 08:30:45 +0000

Defective Still Deflective – How Correctness of Decision Support Systems Influences User’s Performance in Production Environments philipp Wed, 08/19/2020 - 10:30

Abstract

The increasing dynamic and complexity of todays global supply chains and the growing amount and complexity of information challenge decision makers in manufacturing companies. Decision Support Systems (DSS) can be a viable solution to address these challenges and increase the overall decision efficiency and effectivity. However, a thought-through design and implementation of these systems is crucial for their efficacy. This article presents the current state-of-the-art of Decisions Support Systems and highlights their benefits and pitfalls. Also, we present an empirical study in which we compared different levels of decision support and decision automation in a simulated supply chain game environment. We identify and quantify how human factors influence the decision quality and decision performance in this supply chain scenario. We show that an adequately designed system raises the overall performance. However, insufficiently designed systems have the reverse effect and lead operators to miss severe situations, which can have fatal consequences for manufacturing companies.

Brauner, P., Calero Valdez, A., Philipsen, R., Ziefle, M.: Defective Still Deflective – How Correctness of Decision Support Systems Influences User’s Performance in Production Environments. In: Nah, F.F.-H. and Tan, C.-H. (eds.) HCI in Business, Government, and Organizations (HCIGO), Held as Part of HCI International 2016. pp. 16–27. Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39399-5_2.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39399-5_2

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Internet of Production (IoP)

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Why Consider the Human-in-the-loop in Automated Cyber-physical Production Systems? Two Cases from Cross-company Cooperation

philipp — Tue, 18 Aug 2020 08:06:39 +0000

Why Consider the Human-in-the-loop in Automated Cyber-physical Production Systems? Two Cases from Cross-company Cooperation philipp Tue, 08/18/2020 - 10:06

Abstract

Industry 4.0 and the Internet of Production can increase efficiency and effectiveness of workflows in manufac- turing companies and production networks. Despite ubiquitous automation, people are essential in socio-technical cyber-physical production systems due to unique cognitive capabilities, as final arbitrators, or for ethical and legal reasons. However, the design of interfaces between the human-in-the-loop and production systems poses challenges not yet been sufficiently elaborated in research and practice. We present two behavioural studies in the context of inter-company collaboration that show why con- sidering the human-in-the-loop is crucial: The first study shows that information complexity and individual differences shape the overall decision quality. With increasing information complexity, the decision speed decreases and the decision accuracy descends. Consequently, a fine balance between necessary, abundant, and superfluous information must be found. The second experiment studies human decision making in complex environments using a business simulation. We found that correct decision aids can augment the human-in-the-loop’s decision making and that these can increase usability, trust, and proft. Yet, incorrect decision support has the opposite effect. Guidelines for designing socio-technical cyber-physical production systems and a research agenda conclude this article.

Brauner, P., Ziefle, M.: Why Consider the Human-in-the-loop in Automated Cyber-physical Production Systems? Two Cases from Cross-company Cooperation. In: International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN 2019). pp. 861–866. IEEE (2019).

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1109/INDIN41052.2019.8972142

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Internet of Production (IoP)

Integrative Production Technology for High-Wage countries

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Development and Evaluation of a Research Framework for Measuring the Reliance on Automation in Situations of Risk and Moral Dilemma

philipp — Tue, 18 Aug 2020 08:01:56 +0000

Development and Evaluation of a Research Framework for Measuring the Reliance on Automation in Situations of Risk and Moral Dilemma philipp Tue, 08/18/2020 - 10:01

Abstract

Digitalization is changing the working world of tomorrow and com- plex decisions are increasingly being made by hybrid teams of people and auto- mated decision support systems. The interaction of user, task, and interface plays a decisive role, but is insufficiently studied, especially in the context of decision making under uncertainty, risk, and moral dilemmas. In this article, we present a web-based research framework for exploring this factor space with empirical user studies. The framework builds on a combination of tools for linking a user model, with the outcome of game-based decision scenarios, and the participants’ evaluations. To validate the framework, we conducted a user study with N = 64 participants and found that the system responded sensitively to factors from each of the three areas user, task, and interface. Consequently, the framework facilitates the systematic investigation of the factor space, the identification and quantification of relevant factors and the description of interactions between the factors. A systematic understanding of these factors is necessary for the development of future joint cognitive systems and Decision Support Systems.

Liehner, G.L., Brauner, P., Schaar, A.K., Ziefle, M.: Development and Evaluation of a Research Framework for Measuring the Reliance on Automation in Situations of Risk and Moral Dilemma. In: HCII 2020, LNCS 12199,. pp. 280–295 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49907-5.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49907-5_20

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Internet of Production (IoP)

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User-Centred Design of a Process-Recommender System for Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Production

philipp — Tue, 18 Aug 2020 07:52:20 +0000

User-Centred Design of a Process-Recommender System for Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Production philipp Tue, 08/18/2020 - 09:52

Abstract

Today’sproductionismassivelyinfluencedbyfundamentaldigitalisa- tion. IoP as the industrial realisation of the IoT idea is mainly based on the further processing and analysis of the accruing data volumes, e.g. sensor data, as well as the direct connection of integrated technical and human entities. For the techni- cal implementation, this means that suitable infrastructures and concepts must be created that add value from the generated data. Furthermore, the integration of human operators, from the shop floor to the management level, is a central challenge in the implementation of the IoP vision. Possible integration measures could be so-called recommender systems (RSS), which can offer a human operator data-based decision support in target situations. It is necessary to design and implement RSS according to the human operator’s needs and capabilities to generate a real added value. In this paper, we present a design process for a support system in textile process planning. Corresponding evaluation results are shown and reflected regarding their added value. Results show that the chosen user-centred design approach is suitable for the design of recommender systems for process planning of textile production chains, as it highlights usability conflicts early and helps identify additional feature requests. The expert evaluations run in this study revealed that the designed app concept could contribute to easier and better planning, especially in the area of fibre-reinforced polymer production.

Schemmer, T., Brauner, P., Schaar, A.K., Ziefle, M., Brillowski, F.: User-Centred Design of a Process-Recommender System for Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Production. In: Human Interface and the Management of Information, HCII. pp. 111–127 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50017-7.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50017-7_8

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Related Project(s):

Internet of Production (IoP)

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