The coming decade of digital brain research – A vision for neuroscience at the intersection of technology and computing

In recent years, brain research has indisputably entered a new epoch, driven by substantial
methodological advances and digitally enabled data integration and modelling at multiple scales – from
molecules to the whole brain. Major advances are emerging at the intersection of neuroscience with
technology and computing. This new science of the brain combines high-quality research, data
integration across multiple scales, a new culture of multidisciplinary large-scale collaboration and
translation into applications. As pioneered in Europe’s Human Brain Project (HBP), a systematic
approach will be essential for meeting the coming decade’s pressing medical and technological
challenges. The aims of this paper are to:
• develop a concept for the coming decade of digital brain research,
• discuss this new concept with the research community at large, to identify points of convergence
and common goals,
• provide a scientific framework for the current and future development of EBRAINS, a research
infrastructure resulting from the HBP’s work,
• inform and engage stakeholders, funding organisations and research institutions regarding
future digital brain research,
• identify and address the transformational potential of comprehensive brain models for artificial
intelligence, including machine learning and deep learning,
• outline a collaborative approach that integrates reflection, dialogues and societal engagement
on ethical and societal opportunities and challenges as part of future neuroscience research.
While we do not claim that there is a ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach to addressing these aspects, we are
convinced that discussions around the theme of digital brain research will help drive progress in the
broader field of neuroscience.